Standard methods used for seed quality are relatively slow and require expensive supplies. The present study aims to establish the application of mobile fluorescence spectroscopy as a method to determine varietal differences in lettuce seeds. An optical mobile installation for the study of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds has been successfully set up and tested. The proposed method includes the examination of lettuce seeds of different varieties with a mobile fiber optic system by means of fluorescence spectroscopy. Spectral distributions are unique to seeds of a particular variety. This fact justifies the use of the plant to recognize available lettuce seeds of unknown origin in a non-invasive way with high accuracy. The stability of the breeding line and its common blacks with an established variety of the same species can be monitored by monitoring the signal intensity. The stability and signal intensity level is close. The spectral distribution of wavelengths of the reflected emission of the studied lettuce seeds reflects the characteristic distribution of the standard varieties. The installation can be applied with high accuracy to study lettuce seeds in the field.