<em>In Vitro</em> Efficacy of Native Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Western Flower Thrips <em>Frankliniella Occidentalis</em> (Pergande) of Tomato in Kenya

Mıchael Wabukala Barasa, Ruth Kahuthıa-Gathu, Maına Mwangı & Waceke Wanjohi

doi:https://doi.org/10.29329/ijiaar.2021.358.4

Original article | Open Access
International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Agricultural Research 2021, Vol. 5(2) 194-202

In Vitro Efficacy of Native Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Western Flower Thrips Frankliniella Occidentalis (Pergande) of Tomato in Kenya

Mıchael Wabukala Barasa, Ruth Kahuthıa-Gathu, Maına Mwangı & Waceke Wanjohi

pp. 194 - 202 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.29329/ijiaar.2021.358.4

Published online: June 30, 2021 | Number of Views: 188 | Number of Download: 422

Download PDF

Abstract

Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. is an important crop in Kenya. Arthropod pests are major constraints to its production and farmers rely heavily on synthetic chemicals for control, which increases costs and leads to pollution of the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of native Kenyan fungi in managing thrips as an alternative to synthetic pesticides. In vitro studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of native fungi against Frankliniella occidentalis collected from the tomato fields and maintained in the laboratory. The fungi were isolated from soil samples from tomato fields and identified based on their vegetative and reproductive structures. Treatments included fungal isolates and a control; replicated four times arranged in a completely randomized design. The effect of the fungal isolates on F. occidentalis was evaluated by treating thrips with concentrations of 1.0 x107conidia ml-1. Data on mortality of F. occidentalis was recorded daily for 10 days after treatment. Data on mortality of thrips was subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using SAS software version 9.4 to test the effect of different treatments. Means were separated using Student Newman-Keuls test at P≤0.05. Gliocladium virens, Trichoderma virens, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma afroharzianum were more virulent causing mortalities above 50%. Gliocladium virens was the most potent, causing 62.2% mortality in adults and 43.8% in nymphs at 1.0 x107 conidia ml-1. The findings showed that G. virens is a potential candidate for development as a fungal-based bio-pesticide against F. occidentalis on tomato.

Keywords: Gliocladium virens, insecticidal activity, pesticides, thrips, tomato

How to Cite this Article

APA 6th edition
Barasa, M.W., Kahuthia-Gathu, R., Mwangi, M. & Wanjohi, W. (2021). In Vitro Efficacy of Native Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Western Flower Thrips Frankliniella Occidentalis (Pergande) of Tomato in Kenya . International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Agricultural Research, 5(2), 194-202. doi: 10.29329/ijiaar.2021.358.4

Harvard
Barasa, M., Kahuthia-Gathu, R., Mwangi, M. and Wanjohi, W. (2021). In Vitro Efficacy of Native Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Western Flower Thrips Frankliniella Occidentalis (Pergande) of Tomato in Kenya . International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Agricultural Research, 5(2), pp. 194-202.

Chicago 16th edition
Barasa, Michael Wabukala, Ruth Kahuthia-Gathu, Maina Mwangi and Waceke Wanjohi (2021). "In Vitro Efficacy of Native Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Western Flower Thrips Frankliniella Occidentalis (Pergande) of Tomato in Kenya ". International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Agricultural Research 5 (2):194-202. doi:10.29329/ijiaar.2021.358.4.

References

Abu, A.B.A. and El-Hindi, M.W. (2017). Isolation, Molecular Identification and under Lab [Google Scholar]
Evaluation of the Entomopathogenic Fungi M. anisopliae and B. bassiana against the Red Palm Weevil R. ferrugineus in Gaza Strip. Advances in Microbiology, 7: 109-124. [Google Scholar]
Belete, E., Ayalew, A. and Ahmed, S. (2015). Evaluation of local isolates of Trichoderma spp. against black root rot (Fusarium solani) on Faba bean. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 6: 279-284. [Google Scholar]
Borisade, O.A. and Magan, N. (2015). Growth and sporulation of entomopathogenic Beauveria [Google Scholar]
bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Isaria farinosa and Isaria fumosorosea strains in relation to water activity and temperature interactions. Journal of Biocontrol Science and Technology, 24(9): 999-1011. [Google Scholar]
Guadalupe, M., Blanca, E., Jose, L.T. and Mario, H.R. (2014). Potential for entomopathogenic [Google Scholar]
fungi to control Triatoma dimidiate (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), a vector of Chagas disease in Mexico. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 47(6): 716-722. [Google Scholar]
Infonet-Biovision. (2020).http://www.infonetbiovision.org/default/ct/118/crops. Accessed on 3/ 6/2020. [Google Scholar]
Marek, B. (2010). Pathogenicity assessment of entomopathogenic fungi infecting Leptoglossus [Google Scholar]
Occidentalis (Heteroptera: Coreidae). Journal of Mycology, 62(1): 67-78. [Google Scholar]
Masoud, L. and Bahar, R. (2012). Pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria [Google Scholar]
bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillmin, Beauveria brongniartii Saccardo and Metarhizium anisopliae Metsch to adult Oryctes elegans Prell and effects on feeding and fecundity. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 14: 1026-1032. [Google Scholar]
Moritz, G., Brandt, S. and Subramanian, S. (2013). Identification and information tools for pest [Google Scholar]
thrips in East Africa.QAAFI Biological Information Technology (QBIT). University of Queensland: Brisbane, Australia. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99(5): 1813. [Google Scholar]
Muthomi, J.W., Fulano, A.M., Wagacha, J.M. and Mwang’ombe, A.W. (2017). Management of [Google Scholar]
Snap Bean Insect Pests and Diseases by Use of Antagonistic Fungi and Plant Extracts. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Research, 6(3): 52-63. [Google Scholar]
Ndakidemi, H., Kilinçer, N. and Ozkan, C. (2016). Toxicity and repellent effects of some [Google Scholar]
botanical insecticides on the egg larval parasitoid Chelonus oculator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Scientific Research and Essays, 9: 106-113. [Google Scholar]
Niassy, S., Maniania, N.K., Subramanian, S., Gitonga, L.M., Mburu, D.M., Masiga, D. and [Google Scholar]
Ekesi, S. (2012).Selection of promising fungal biological control agent of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande). Letters in Applied Microbiology, 54: 487–493. [Google Scholar]
Ouma, B., Muthomi, J. and Toroitich, F. (2014). Management of thrips in French beans by [Google Scholar]
integrating biological and synthetic pesticides in conventional spray regimes. Journal of Renewable Agriculture, 2(2): 27-37. [Google Scholar]
SAS Institute. (2013). Base SAS 9.4 procedures guide: Statistical procedures, 40. [Google Scholar]
Sokal, R.R. and Rohlf, F.J. (1995). Biometry. The Principles and Practice of Statistics in [Google Scholar]
Biological Research. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York. [Google Scholar]
Srijita, D. (2015). Biopesticides: an eco-friendly approach for pest control, World Journal of [Google Scholar]
Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(6): 250-265. [Google Scholar]
Wagnitz, J. (2014). Biopesticides use in IPM for low desert vegetable and fruit production, Paper [Google Scholar]
AA13618603 Degree of Doctor of Plant Health, College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, ETD Collection for University of Nebraska, Lincoln. [Google Scholar]
Watanabe, T. 2010. Pictorial atlas of soil and seed fungi: morphologies of cultured fungi and key [Google Scholar]
to species. Third edition. Taylor and Francis Group, LLCGV. [Google Scholar]
Wu, S., Ago, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, E. and Xu, X. (2014). An Entomopathogenic Strain of [Google Scholar]
Beauveria bassiana against Frankliniella occidentalis with no Detrimental Effect on the Predatory Mite Neoseiulus barkeri ?: Evidence from Laboratory Bioassay and Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation. PLoS ONE, 9(1): 10-13. [Google Scholar]
Youssef, A. N. (2015). Efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi for controlling the [Google Scholar]
tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Arab Universal Journal of Agricultural Science, 23(2): 591–598. [Google Scholar]

Volume 5 Issue 2

June 2021

All Articles