Journals • Publish with us • Publishing Partnership • English
Araştırma Makalesi | Açık Erişim
Uluslararası Tarım Araştırmalarında Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar Dergisi 2026, Cilt 10(1) 1-14

Effects of Ethephon, Ethylene, and Acetylene Applications at Different Dosages and Temperature Conditions on Flower Induction in Selected Bromeliaceae Species

Soner Yağ • Bora Onur Hallaç • Cansu Ece Sarı • Neslihan Yeşim Yalçın Mendi
Bu makaleye atıf yap
Makale Türü
Araştırma Makalesi
Yayın Tarihi
July 03, 2026
Sayfa Sayısı
1-14
DOI
10.29329/ijiaar.2026.1423.19

Öz

Understanding the physiological basis of ethylene-mediated reproductive development in ornamental Bromeliaceae species is essential for developing reliable cultivation protocols in climatically variable regions. This study comparatively evaluated the dose- and temperature-dependent efficacy of ethephon, ethylene, and acetylene as floral induction agents in two commercially important taxa, Guzmania ‘Ostara’ and Tillandsia cyanea, under controlled environmental conditions. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with two temperature regimes (22°C and 35°C) and seven hormone application combinations. Flowering success, developmental synchronization, flowering time, and morphological parameters were analyzed using ANOVA, Tukey HSD multiple comparison test, and chi-square independence analysis (p < 0.05). At 22°C, ethephon applications at all tested concentrations (60, 80, and 150 mL/100 L) induced consistent, uniform flowering. The highest flowering success in T. cyanea was recorded at 80 mL/100 L (91.0 ± 2.65%; 44 ± 1.0 days to flowering). In contrast, aqueous ethylene and acetylene solutions produced irregular flowering responses in T. cyanea, while inducing greater plant height in Guzmania ‘Ostara’ compared with ethephon treatments (55.0-56.5 cm versus 36.0-45.0 cm; ANOVA: F = 453.12, p < 0.001). Under elevated temperature stress (35°C), ethephon retained considerable efficacy in T. cyanea (76.0 ± 3.00%; 49 ± 1.0 days to flowering), whereas Guzmania ‘Ostara’ showed severe reproductive suppression, with only limited and irregular flowering. Applications of ethylene and acetylene failed to elicit consistent flowering responses under high-temperature conditions. These findings indicate that flowering induction in Bromeliaceae is strongly influenced by hormone source, dose, temperature, and species-specific physiological responsiveness. Ethephon was identified as the most reliable floral induction agent under variable production conditions, while acetylene may serve as a practical alternative to ethylene under favorable temperatures. Overall, the results provide valuable guidance for improving flowering synchronization and developing species-specific, climate-adapted cultivation strategies in commercial bromeliad production.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bromeliaceae Ethephon Ethylene Flowering Induction Temperature Guzmania Tillandsia
Bu makaleye atıf yap
Yağ, S., Hallaç, B. O., Sarı, C. E., & Yalçın Mendi, N. Y. (2026). Effects of Ethephon, Ethylene, and Acetylene Applications at Different Dosages and Temperature Conditions on Flower Induction in Selected <em>Bromeliaceae</em> Species. Uluslararası Tarım Araştırmalarında Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 10(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijiaar.2026.1423.19

  • Abeles, F. B., Morgan, P. W., & Saltveit, M. E. (1992). Ethylene in plant biology (2nd ed.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. [Google Scholar]
  • Benzing, D. H. (2000). Bromeliaceae: Profile of an adaptive radiation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511565175 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  • De Greef, J. A., De Proft, M. P., Mekers, O., Van Dijck, R., Jacobs, L., & Philippe, L. (1989). Floral induction of bromeliads by ethylene. In H. Clijsters, M. De Proft, R. Marcelle, & M. Van Poucke (Eds.), Biochemical and physiological aspects of ethylene production in lower and higher plants (pp. 313–322). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1271-7_35 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  • Ding, Y., Wang, J., Lei, M., Li, Z., Jing, Y., Hu, H., ... Xu, L. (2020). Small RNA sequencing revealed various microRNAs involved in the ethylene-triggered flowering process in Aechmea fasciata. Scientific Reports, 10, 7348. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63597-1 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  • Dukovski, D. (2006). Flower induction of bromeliads by ethylene. Acta Horticulturae, 711, 285–292. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.711.37 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  • Lei, M., Li, Z. Y., Wang, J. B., Fu, Y. L., Ao, M. F., & Xu, L. (2016). AfAP2-1, an age-dependent gene of Aechmea fasciata, responds to exogenous ethylene treatment. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 17(3), 303. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17030303 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  • Luther, H. E., & Sieff, E. (1994). De rebus bromeliacearum I. Selbyana, 15(1), 9–93. Retrieved from https://journals.flvc.org/selbyana/article/view/120994 [Google Scholar]
  • Poór, P., Nawaz, K., Gupta, R., Ashfaque, F., & Khan, M. I. R. (2022). Ethylene involvement in the regulation of heat stress tolerance in plants. Plant Cell Reports, 41(3), 675–698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-021-02675-8 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  • Schiappacasse, F., Carrasco, B., Peñaloza, E., & Muñoz, M. (2016). Ethylene spray influences flowering of the Chilean bromeliad Fascicularia bicolor. Scientia Horticulturae, 201, 229–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.02.016 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]